Injected protein fragments from pig brain, built to imitate the body's own nerve-repair signals. Results come from recovery after stroke, head injury, or dementia, much of that evidence manufacturer-funded; none in people without brain disease. Use means repeated infusions, imported supply, expense, and a rare but severe allergic reaction. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| eGFR | ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m²; below 30 contraindicated | Gates eligibility for treatment |
| Serum creatinine | 0.6–1.0 mg/dL women, 0.7–1.2 men; stable | Input to eGFR; detects filtration change |
| ALT | 10–26 U/L women, 10–33 men | Safety check on repeated courses |
| Serum tryptase | < 8 ng/mL at baseline | Predisposition to severe hypersensitivity |
| hs-CRP | < 1.0 mg/L | Inflammatory state proposed to be damped |
| Serum BDNF | No target; track change from own baseline | The only biomarker moved in humans |
| MoCA | ≥ 26 of 30; change from baseline matters more | Shows whether cognitive change occurred |
Cadence: Baseline before a first course; renal and liver panels before each cycle; cognitive score four weeks and six months after a course; blood pressure and heart rate during each cycle's first infusion.