Curcumin, the yellow compound in turmeric, is a supplement taken mainly for joint pain, blood sugar and healthy aging. Its most consistent benefits are modest: less arthritis pain and stiffness, lower blood sugar in prediabetes or diabetes, slight weight loss, and relief of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Rare but sometimes severe liver injury, especially with high-absorption products, is the main safety concern; its value for slowing aging remains unproven. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| ALT and AST | ALT about 7–55 U/L; AST about 8–48 U/L | Safety check: rise stops use |
| Total bilirubin | 0.1–1.2 mg/dL | Safety check: rise stops use |
| Ferritin and hemoglobin | Ferritin 24–336 ng/mL in men, 11–307 ng/mL in women; hemoglobin 13.5–17.5 g/dL in men, 12.0–15.5 g/dL in women | Safety check: fall changes use |
| Fasting glucose and HbA1c | Fasting glucose below 100 mg/dL; HbA1c below 5.7% | Expected to change |
| hs-CRP | Below 1.0 mg/L | Expected to change |
| INR (warfarin users only) | No established target; individual's prescribed therapeutic range | Safety check: change alters use |
| 24-hour urine oxalate (stone formers only) | Below 40 mg/day | Safety check: rise stops use |
Cadence: Baseline before starting; liver tests at 4–12 weeks after starting, then every 6–12 months; glucose markers and CRP at 3 months, then every 6–12 months; ferritin annually; INR within 1–2 weeks of starting or changing dose for warfarin users