A vine tea plant compound repurposed as the active ingredient in facial serums, proposed to loosen the chemical tags silencing genes in aging skin cells. Measured gains in wrinkle depth, smoothness, skin thickness and brightness were real but modest, from one short study with no comparison group, funded by the company selling it. Uncertainty here concerns attribution, not harm. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Epidermal DNA methylation age | No target; change from baseline, below chronological age | The measure used to claim rejuvenation |
| Standardized facial photography | No target; change in wrinkle and texture scores from baseline | The only endpoint reflecting what is visible |
| Dermal echogenicity | No target; change from baseline | Objective density measure in the deeper skin layer |
| Alanine aminotransferase | 10–26 U/L women, 10–33 U/L men | Detects liver-cell stress during oral use |
| Gamma-glutamyl transferase | Below 20 U/L | Early marker of oxidative and bile-duct stress |
| Glycated hemoglobin | 4.8–5.4% | Collagen glycation is a targeted skin-aging pathway |
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL | Oral dosing lowers it; additive hypoglycemia shows here first |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein | Below 0.5 mg/L | Low-grade inflammation accelerates visible skin aging |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D | 40–60 ng/mL | Daily high-protection sunscreen reduces skin synthesis |
Cadence: Photographs and instrument measures at 4 and 8 weeks, then every 3 months; liver and glucose panels at 12 weeks for oral use, then every 6–12 months.