Concentrated extracts of an edible brown seaweed. The most consistently measured effect is a smaller blood-sugar rise after a starchy meal, with smaller, less certain reductions in cholesterol, body fat, blood pressure and night-time wakefulness. Most trials were run by sellers and judged low quality. Seaweed-derived products can carry enough iodine to unsettle the thyroid, and can concentrate arsenic. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Post-meal glucose (90 min) | 100–120 mg/dL | The effect with the strongest human support |
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL | Detects drift in overall glycemic control |
| HbA1c | 4.9–5.3% | Integrates three months of glucose exposure |
| Fasting insulin | <5 µIU/mL | Tracks insulin resistance, which trials measured only indirectly |
| LDL cholesterol | <100 mg/dL | The lipid endpoint the pooled analysis moved |
| Apolipoprotein B | <80 mg/dL | Counts artery-damaging particles more reliably than LDL cholesterol |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein | <0.5 mg/L | Tests the anti-inflammatory claim directly |
| TSH | 0.5–2.0 mIU/L | Earliest signal of iodine-driven thyroid disturbance |
| Free T4 and free T3 | Free T4 1.0–1.5 ng/dL; free T3 3.0–4.0 pg/mL | Confirms whether a TSH shift is real |
| Thyroid peroxidase antibodies | <9 IU/mL | Identifies autoimmune thyroid disease, the main iodine contraindication |
| Urinary iodine | 100–199 µg/L | Quantifies the actual iodine load from any seaweed-derived product |
| Urinary inorganic arsenic (species-resolved) | <15 µg/L | Separates real arsenic exposure from harmless seafood forms |
| ALT | 10–26 U/L (men), 10–19 U/L (women) | Screens for any liver signal from a novel botanical |
| Platelet count and INR | Platelets 150–400 × 10⁹/L; INR at the prescriber's target | Bounds the theoretical bleeding risk |
| Ferritin | 50–150 ng/mL | Polyphenols reduce non-heme iron absorption |
Cadence: Baseline, then two weeks of post-meal readings; thyroid and metabolic markers at 8–12 weeks, then every 6–12 months; urinary iodine at 12 weeks then annually; coagulation within two weeks on anticoagulants.