Marker compounds of eleuthero root, with a reputation built on Soviet-era stamina research unreadable in English until 2021. Modern results are mixed: leg swelling falls within hours, endurance improves in recreational but not elite athletes, fatigue relief only in milder cases. Harms are modest: disturbed sleep, bleeding alongside certain antidepressants. The largest hazard is product identity, not the compound. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Morning serum cortisol | 10–15 µg/dL | Detects the stress-axis shift seen in the athlete trial |
| Total testosterone (men) | 600–900 ng/dL | Forms the testosterone-to-cortisol ratio that moved unfavourably |
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL | Tracks additive glucose-lowering suggested by animal data |
| HbA1c | 4.8–5.3% | Confirms whether any glucose change is sustained |
| hs-CRP | <0.8 mg/L | Tests the claimed anti-inflammatory action |
| Complete blood count with differential | Lymphocytes 1.5–3.0 ×10⁹/L | Follows the reported lymphocyte increase |
| ALT and AST | 10–26 U/L each | Standard safety monitoring for sustained botanical use |
| Serum digoxin (only if prescribed) | 0.5–0.9 ng/mL | Detects the reported elevation in readings |
| Resting blood pressure | <120/80 mmHg | Confirms no activation-driven rise |
Cadence: Baseline fasting 07:00–09:00; panel repeated at 8 weeks, then every 6–12 months. Medicated users: digoxin level and blood count at 2 weeks, 8 weeks, then every 6 months.