A lab-made, better-absorbed relative of a natural energy-supporting compound. Its one well-proven benefit is narrow: protecting and partly restoring sight during attacks of a rare inherited eye disease. Its promise for energy, brain, and healthy aging rests on theory and animal work, not human results. Remarkably well tolerated; long-term safety in healthy people unstudied. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| ALT | ~10–26 U/L | Detects liver stress from a liver-metabolized compound |
| AST | ~10–26 U/L | Complements ALT to assess liver strain |
| GGT | <20 U/L | Sensitive marker of hepatic and oxidative stress |
| Fasting glucose | 75–90 mg/dL | General metabolic health context |
| hs-CRP | <1.0 mg/L | Tracks systemic inflammation and oxidative burden |
| Visual acuity / OCT | Stable or improving from baseline | Direct efficacy measure in LHON use |
Cadence: Liver enzymes at 4–8 weeks, then every 3–6 months; for LHON, vision and retinal imaging at 3, 6, and 12 months, then periodically