Inositol is a sugar-like compound the body makes and food supplies, sold as a supplement at gram doses for blood sugar, hormone, and mood concerns. Human evidence is strongest for blood sugar handling, blood pressure, and blood fats, with the clearest gains in people who begin with disturbed readings. In women whose ovulation is disrupted, cycles and hormone balance improve. Mood, anxiety, and sleep evidence is thinner. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting insulin | 2–5 µIU/mL | The most responsive marker of inositol's core action |
| HOMA-IR | Below 1.0 | Combines fasting glucose and insulin into one insulin-resistance index |
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL | Confirms the glycaemic effect and flags over-lowering |
| HbA1c | 4.8–5.3% | The durability check on the glycaemic effect |
| Triglycerides | Below 80 mg/dL | The lipid fraction that moves most with inositol |
| Triglyceride-to-HDL ratio | Below 1.5 | Single best surrogate for insulin resistance from a standard lipid panel |
| LDL cholesterol | Below 100 mg/dL, lower with risk factors | Detects the smaller but statistically consistent lipid effect |
| Home blood pressure | 110–120 / 70–78 mmHg | Captures the 5–7 mmHg fall and warns of over-lowering |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone | 0.5–2.0 µIU/mL | Inositol lowers this in autoimmune thyroiditis and can unmask excess levothyroxine |
| Total testosterone (women) | 15–45 ng/dL | The androgen endpoint with the strongest trial support |
| Sex hormone-binding globulin | 40–80 nmol/L (women) | Rises with inositol and lowers free androgen exposure |
| Total testosterone (men) | 600–900 ng/dL | The endpoint for D-chiro-inositol use in men |
| Oestradiol (men) | 20–30 pg/mL | Guards against excessive oestrogen suppression from D-chiro-inositol |
| eGFR | No established inositol-specific target exists; track change from the individual's own baseline instead | Inositol is renally cleared and untested in reduced kidney function |
Cadence: Home blood pressure weekly for the first four weeks, then monthly; the full blood panel repeated at 12 weeks, then every 6 to 12 months. Thyroid function rechecked at 8 to 12 weeks in anyone on levothyroxine; daily glucose self-monitoring covers the first month in anyone on insulin or a sulfonylurea.