A plant pigment, recently tested in people as a concentrated supplement. Small trials show a single low oral dose lowers the oxygen and heart-rate cost of hard effort; two weeks improved sleep and daily movement. Higher dietary intake tracks with slower mental decline and fewer deaths. The safety record is thin, and one company funded every positive human trial. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| ALT / AST | 10–26 U/L (women), 10–30 U/L (men) | Detects hepatic stress from a concentrated extract |
| TSH, free T4, free T3 | TSH 0.5–2.0 mIU/L; free T4 and free T3 in the upper third of range | Kaempferol upregulates the enzyme activating thyroid hormone |
| Ferritin + transferrin saturation | Ferritin 50–150 ng/mL (men, postmenopausal women), 40–100 ng/mL (menstruating women); saturation 25–35% | Flavonols inhibit non-heme iron absorption |
| hs-CRP | Below 1.0 mg/L, ideally below 0.5 mg/L | Primary readout of the anti-inflammatory mechanism claimed for kaempferol |
| Fasting glucose + HbA1c | Glucose 75–85 mg/dL; HbA1c 4.8–5.3% | Glucose-lowering effect seen in rodent models; hypoglycaemia risk on sulfonylureas |
| eGFR + cystatin C | eGFR above 90 mL/min/1.73 m² | Confirms clearance capacity; excludes contraindicating renal impairment |
| Complete blood count | No established kaempferol-specific target; track change from own baseline, anchored to haemoglobin 13.5–15.0 g/dL (men), 12.5–14.0 g/dL (women) | Safety endpoint of the ongoing pharmacokinetic trial; the system implicated by the progenitor-cell findings |
Cadence: Baseline, then the same panel at 6–8 weeks, 6 months and every 6–12 months thereafter; an extra thyroid check 6–8 weeks after any dose change, and an international normalised ratio within 1–2 weeks for anyone anticoagulated.