KP1, a laboratory-made peptide fragment of Klotho (a protein the body makes that declines with age), is sold only as a research chemical and was built to block the main scarring signal in tissue. In mice and cultured cells it reduced kidney and liver scarring and markers of cell aging; nothing has been measured in a person. Harms are equally unmeasured, which is not the same as absent. (Full Review)

Protocol

No established human regimen

No human dose

No dose, route, frequency or duration established for people

Published animal regimen, fibrosis models

1 mg/kg/day for 6 days

Mice only; cannot be converted into a human dose

Route

Intravenous

Oral, intranasal and subcutaneous use unstudied in any species

Time to effect

Tissue and function changes (mice)

6–8 days

Daily intravenous dosing; no human time course exists

Benefits

Low: Suppression of transforming growth factor beta–driven disease

Speculative: Reduced kidney fibrosis and kidney inflammation; suppression of cell senescence and restoration of endogenous Klotho; protection against acute kidney injury; reduced liver fibrosis; suppression of cardiac scar-cell activation; preserved erectile function after nerve injury; reduced gut inflammation and intestinal fibrosis

Contraindications

Anyone outside a registered clinical study

History of cancer, autoimmune disease, or chronic kidney or liver disease

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

History of keratoacanthoma or squamous-cell skin cancer

Systemic corticosteroids (equivalent to ≥20 mg/week prednisone) or immunosuppressants (within two months)

Shortly before or after surgery, or unhealed wounds

Key Interactions

Antifibrotic drugs (pirfenidone, nintedanib): Caution (theoretical)

Other pathway inhibitors (galunisertib, fresolimumab): Avoid (theoretical)

Systemic corticosteroids (prednisone, dexamethasone): Caution (theoretical)

Over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, naproxen): Monitor (theoretical)

Supplements reported to damp the same pathway (curcumin, resveratrol): Monitor (theoretical)

Supplements and nutrients acting on Klotho (vitamin D, phosphate-containing supplements): Monitor (theoretical)

Gene or protein therapies raising Klotho: Avoid (theoretical)

Risk & Side Effects

Low: Skin tumours from transforming growth factor beta blockade; everyday adverse-event burden of pathway inhibition; cardiac valve and heart-muscle toxicity signal; harm from unregulated injectable peptide material

Speculative: Impaired wound healing and tissue repair; antagonism of the body's own soluble Klotho; disturbed mineral and bone metabolism; immunogenicity and injection-site reactions

Monitoring

Marker	Target	Why
Serum creatinine	0.7–1.3 mg/dL (men), 0.6–1.1 mg/dL (women)	Kidney safety check; a rise stops use
Serum phosphate	2.5–4.5 mg/dL	Mineral disturbance is the known toxicity of raising Klotho
Serum calcium	8.6–10.3 mg/dL	Completes the mineral pair with phosphate
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	7–55 U/L	Liver safety check; second organ with published KP1 effects
Soluble α-Klotho	No established target; change from own baseline	The one efficacy marker available; same laboratory throughout

Cadence: Baseline panel and full-skin examination, then at four weeks, at three months, and every three to six months, with skin review on the same schedule

Qualitative Assessment

New or changing skin lesions, scaly growths or sores that do not heal
Wound-healing speed after minor cuts, dental work or procedures
Fatigue, diarrhoea, fever or vomiting
Injection-site redness, swelling or persistent nodules
Unexplained swelling of the ankles or face

KP1 for Health & Longevity

Protocol

Benefits

Risk & Side Effects

Monitoring

Qualitative Assessment