A plant compound from everyday vegetables and herbs, concentrated into supplement form. It quiets inflammatory signaling rather than mopping up free radicals; laboratory and animal work is extensive, human evidence thinner. Every controlled trial showing benefit paired luteolin with a second active compound. Safety looks favorable. Much of the evidence comes from parties selling luteolin. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein | < 1.0 mg/L | Primary target; identifies whether inflammation exists to suppress |
| HbA1c | 4.8–5.4% | Tracks the glucose endpoint that changed in the metabolic trial |
| Fasting insulin | 2–5 µIU/mL | Detects insulin resistance earlier than glucose does |
| Alanine aminotransferase | < 20 U/L (women), < 25 U/L (men) | Liver enzyme; both an outcome and a safety check |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone | 0.5–2.0 mIU/L | Safety check for the reduced iodide uptake seen in thyroid cells |
| Free thyroxine | 1.0–1.5 ng/dL | Confirms whether a thyroid-stimulating hormone shift reflects real hormone change |
| Estradiol (premenopausal women) | Cycle-dependent; track change from own baseline, same cycle day | Safety check for the aromatase suppression seen in cell studies |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate | > 90 mL/min/1.73 m² | Kidney function; guides dose reduction in older adults |
| Serum tryptase | 2–8 ng/mL | Baseline mast-cell activity where histamine symptoms are the reason for use |
Cadence: Baseline panel before starting; thyroid-stimulating hormone and estradiol recheck at three months; full repeat of the inflammatory, metabolic and liver panel at six months; annually thereafter while use continues.