Audit: QRS - MOTS-c for Health & Longevity

Audit conducted on 07/08/2026 17:32 using AI4L / Opus 5

Iterations

Summary

Items	Count
Total	91
Passed	82
Failed	0
N/A	9
Pass Rate	100.00%

• Total = Passed + Failed + N/A
• Pass Rate = Passed / (Passed + Failed) × 100
• N/A items are excluded from the pass rate calculation

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1. General Rules

#	Description	Result	Comments
1.1	Every claim, magnitude, label, recommendation, and statement in the QRS is literally supported by content in the source ER.	🟢	Every span traced to the ER: at-a-glance to Conclusion; protocol cells to Therapeutic Protocol; time cells to Practical Considerations; benefits/risks to the tiered headings; gates to Key Interactions & Contraindications; all 13 markers and 7 qualitative items to Monitoring Protocol & Defining Success.
1.2	Where the ER uses cautious phrasing (“not formally studied”, “None documented in human trials to date”, “theoretical concern”, “data are limited”), the QRS uses the same phrasing.	🟢	“no completed study has given it to people”, “Convention rather than evidence”, “equivalence not public”, “No validated range exists”, “No human equivalent has been measured” all carried over.
1.3	The QRS never strengthens an ER claim (e.g., “not formally studied” → “not required”) or softens one (e.g., “do not use during pregnancy” → “use with caution during pregnancy”).	🟢	Contraindications retain absolute framing; speculative tiers retain speculative labels.
1.4	The QRS does not relabel an ER fact under a different decision category. A “Benefit-Modifying Factor” from ER section is not surfaced as a “Caution”; a “Risk-Modifying Factor” is not surfaced as a “Side Effect”; etc.	🟢	Contraindications drawn only from the ER’s “Populations who should avoid MOTS-c” list; interactions only from the ER interaction bullets; no Benefit-Modifying Factors or Risk-Modifying Factors content migrated into the gates.
1.5	PubMed IDs, study citations, expert names, clinical trial identifiers (NCT*), and brand names appear in the QRS only if they appear in the source ER for the same fact.	🟢	No PMIDs or NCT identifiers present. “CB4211” and all named drugs (semaglutide, tirzepatide, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, etc.) appear in the ER for the same facts.
1.6	The QRS does not introduce new attributions.	🟢	No author, institution, or sponsor names introduced.

2. Focus, Tone & Audience

#	Description	Result	Comments
2.1	The QRS follows the tone of the ER, which is determined by the ER’s own language, phrasing, and framing.	🟢	Sober, evidence-gap-forward register matching the ER.
2.2	The tone of the QRS is simultaneously expert, accessible, objective, and data-driven, but also empowering and encouraging	🟢	Thresholds and targets are concrete and actionable; limits are stated without alarm.
2.3	The QRS reads as a trusted, knowledgeable guide rather than a prescriptive doctor	🟢	No imperatives directed at a patient.
2.4	The QRS avoids language that implies medical or clinical advice	🟢	Monitoring cadence is stated descriptively (“Baseline within four weeks before a first dose”), not as instruction.
2.5	The QRS “presents information” instead of “providing guidance”, “recommending”, or “advising”	🟢	No “recommend”, “advise”, or “should” in the QRS’s own framing other than the ER-sourced note that circulating MOTS-c is not a response measure.
2.6	The QRS never addresses “the reader” directly — it presents evidence, not guidance	🟢	No second-person pronouns anywhere in the body.
2.7	The QRS is written in plain language, avoiding unnecessary medical jargon	🟢	Jargon is confined to biomarker names, where it is unavoidable; the at-a-glance uses plain-language substitutes throughout.
2.8	Information is presented in a concise and very compact manner	🟢	Eleven ER benefits condensed to two lines; twelve ER risks to four; thirteen protocol bullets to three cells.
2.9	It DOES NOT address the reader directly	🟢	Confirmed — no direct address.
2.10	The target audience is health- and longevity-oriented adults who are risk-aware, proactive, and actively seeking to optimize health or apply the intervention under review.	🟢	Functional biomarker ranges, sourcing caveats and gray-market dosing conventions are pitched at this audience.
2.11	The target audience is willing to employ lifestyle and behavioral changes as well as follow protocols that may be inconvenient, costly, or require effort.	🟢	MRI-PDFF, fasting insulin and 3–6 monthly repeat panels assume that willingness.
2.12	The document is NOT written for the general population, who are unwilling to employ lifestyle and behavioral changes or follow protocols that may be inconvenient, costly, or require effort.	🟢	Content assumes self-directed measurement and subcutaneous self-administration.
2.13	Framing, takeaways, and risk/benefit weighting throughout the document reflect this audience, including where an intervention’s signal for the average person differs from its signal for this audience.	🟢	The absence of human data is placed at the top of the risk tier rather than buried, which is the decision-relevant weighting for this audience.
2.14	The document’s own voice frames usage in longevity terms, not “anti-aging” (e.g., “anti-aging clinics”, “anti-aging community”, “anti-aging medicine”). Proper names that contain “anti-aging” (e.g., “American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine”) are quoted verbatim.	🟢	“anti-aging” does not appear; the title uses “Longevity”.
2.15	The document’s own voice uses formal clinical and scientific terminology, not colloquial or consumer-grade language (e.g., “oral medication” not “pill(s)”; “injection” not “shot”; “adverse event” not “bad reaction”). Direct quotes from sources are exempt.	🟢	“subcutaneously”, “injection-site reactions”, “hypoglycaemia”, “immunogenicity” used throughout; the one lay phrase (“low blood sugar”) is carried verbatim from the ER’s own qualitative-marker list.

3. Template Integrity

#	Description	Result	Comments
3.1	The following labels and headings on the QRS are fixed and not modified: Card and section headings: “Protocol”, “Time to effect”, “Benefits”, “Risk & Side Effects”, “Monitoring”, “Qualitative Assessment”; Gate headings: “Contraindications”, “Key Interactions”; Tier labels: “High”, “Medium”, “Low”, “Speculative”; Table column headers in Monitoring: “Marker”, “Target”, “Why”	🟢	All fixed strings compared against QRS.html and match exactly.
3.2	All “…” from the [qrs_template] are present in the the QRS.	🟢	Diff of the extracted data-qrs-var name sets shows the only differences are the expected expansions of the repeatable marker_#_* (13 sets) and qualitative_item_# (7) placeholders.
3.3	Spans that are not addressed in a checklist item are left unchanged	🟢	Full file diff against the template confirms every change is confined to a data-qrs-var region; <span website="evidence_review">, <span website="audit"> and <span website="full_review"> are untouched, as are CSS, comments and structure.

4. Formatting

#	Description	Result	Comments
4.1	When the source ER section is empty, the QRS uses the ER’s own empty-state phrasing verbatim. Typical phrasings are “None documented in human trials to date” and “Not formally studied”	N/A	No source ER section is empty. The empty Benefits High/Medium tiers are governed by item 12.5, which mandates display:none rather than empty-state phrasing.
4.2	Where the ER presents a bulleted item as “Label: content”, the QRS uses the ER’s bold label verbatim as the cell or row label.	🟢	Protocol labels (“The only human-tested regimen”, “The regimen now under test”, “Regimens circulating in practice”) and all nine interaction labels reproduce the ER’s bold labels verbatim.
4.3	Labels are not paraphrased, abbreviated, or invented.	🟢	Benefit and risk labels reproduce the ER #### headings (sentence-cased only); marker names reproduce the ER monitoring table’s first column.
4.4	The QRS DOES NOT use emoji indicators (no 🟩, 🟥, 🟨, etc.). Color and emphasis are conveyed through CSS and bold labels.	🟢	Zero emoji characters in the file; the ER’s “⚠️ Conflicted” markers are correctly dropped.
4.5	The QRS is designed to render on one A4 page. Any section that has more content in the ER than fits the per-section budget is condensed by the LLM, not extended onto a second page.	🟢	Every section is condensed rather than transcribed: eleven benefits to one line, twelve risks to four short items, ten contraindications stripped of all trailing rationale, thirteen ER monitoring rows reduced to a three-column “why” of one clause each. No ER passage is carried at full length.

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5. Metadata

#	Description	Result	Comments
5.1	The metadata is placed inside a single HTML comment that is the first element after “<!doctype html>” and before any other comment, head, or body content.	🟢	Lines 2–14, immediately after <!doctype html> on line 1.
5.2	Inside that HTML comment the YAML block is delimited by a line “—” opening and a line “—” closing. Text before the opening “—” is permitted but is not parsed as YAML.	🟢	Opening --- at line 3, closing --- at line 13; the preceding label line is permitted.
5.3	The metadata is not visible in any rendered view of the QRS and is not surfaced by any other element on the sheet.	🟢	Enclosed in an HTML comment; no metadata value is echoed in the body.
5.4	All frontmatter values are trimmed: no leading or trailing whitespace, no surrounding quotes unless the value contains a colon, bracket, or leading special character that requires YAML quoting.	🟢	Only duration: "00:04" is quoted, and it contains a colon.
5.5	The filename of the source ER is stated as “er_filename: [er_filename]”	🟢	er_filename: mots_c_2026-0807-1311_Opus_ER.md
5.6	Version of the QRS.md file used to create the document is stated as “qrs_prompt_version: [Version of QRS.md]”	🟢	qrs_prompt_version: 26.7.02, matching the QRS.md version badge.
5.7	Creation date and time of the document is stated as “qrs_creation_date: [YYYY-MMDD-HHMM]” (e.g., 2026-0501-1430)	🟢	qrs_creation_date: 2026-0807-1658
5.8	The nickname of the AI used to create the document is stated as “qrs_creator_ai_nickname: [qrs_creator_ai_nickname]”	🟢	qrs_creator_ai_nickname: Opus
5.9	The nickname of the AI is just a single word model name without version, etc. (e.g., Opus, Sonnet, Grok, Gemini, ChatGPT)	🟢	“Opus” — single word, no version.
5.10	The full name of the AI used to create the document is stated as “qrs_creator_ai_fullname: [qrs_creator_ai_fullname]”	🟢	qrs_creator_ai_fullname: Opus 5
5.11	The full name of the AI consists of the [qrs_creator_ai_nickname] and the model version number and no additional qualifier (e.g., Opus 4.6, Sonnet 3.2, Grok 4.5, Gemini 3.1, ChatGPT 5.4)	🟢	“Opus 5” — nickname plus version, no qualifier.
5.12	The filename of the document is stated as “qrs_filename: [filename of this document]”	🟢	qrs_filename: mots_c_2026-0807-1311_Opus_QRS.html, matching the file on disk.
5.13	All frontmatter values are trimmed: no leading or trailing whitespace, no surrounding quotes unless the value contains a colon, bracket, or leading special character that requires YAML quoting.	🟢	Re-verified across all nine keys.

6. Page Title & Header

#	Description	Result	Comments
6.1	[page_title] is set to the [canonical_topic] of the ER frontmatter followed by “ - Quick Reference Sheet” (e.g., “Intervention - Quick Reference Sheet”). The [canonical_topic] is HTML-entity-encoded as needed (e.g., & for &)	🟢	“MOTS-c for Health & Longevity - Quick Reference Sheet”.
6.2	[header_topic] is set to the [canonical_topic] of the ER frontmatter, with HTML entities encoded as needed (e.g., & for &)	🟢	“MOTS-c for Health & Longevity”.
6.3	[header_subline_date] is set to [qrs_creation_date reformatted as MM/DD/YYYY]	🟢	2026-0807-1658 → “08/07/2026”.
6.4	[header_subline_model] is set to [qrs_creator_ai_fullname]	🟢	“Opus 5”.
6.5	No additional header content appears: no badge, version stamp, AKA / alternate names line, source-AI attribution, audit date, or QRS variant marker.	🟢	Header block is byte-identical to the template apart from the two variable regions; the ER’s “Also known as” line is not carried over.

7. At-A-Glance Section

#	Description	Result	Comments
7.1	[at_a_glance] is dense, execution-oriented summary of the ER Conclusion section	🟢	Compresses all four Conclusion paragraphs: mechanism, animal signal, absent human data, unmeasured parameters, sourcing uncertainty.
7.2	[at_a_glance] is no longer than 60 words	🟢	53 words.
7.3	Every fact in [at_a_glance] is supported by a distinct passage in the ER.	🟢	Each clause maps to a distinct Conclusion sentence (lines 504, 506, 508 of the ER).
7.4	It DOES NOT use acronyms or technical classifications that require specialist knowledge, uses plain-language terms instead	🟢	“very short protein” for peptide, “cell’s energy compartments” for mitochondria, “main low-energy sensor” for AMPK; no acronyms.
7.5	It DOES NOT cite specific trials (names, years, sample sizes, p-values)	🟢	No trial named, no year, no sample size.
7.6	It DOES NOT cite effect sizes, relative risks, or statistical results	🟢	No percentages, confidence intervals or effect sizes.

8. Contraindications

#	Description	Result	Comments
8.1	The section is derived from the ER Key Interactions & Contraindications section	🟢	All ten items map to the ER’s “Populations who should avoid MOTS-c” list (ER lines 345–354).
8.2	[stop_items] represent the Contraindications from the ER	🟢	All ten ER avoid-list entries present, none added.
8.3	Individual [stop_items] are formatted as <li></li>	🟢	Ten <li> elements inside the stop_items span.
8.4	Items are as concise as possible. No trailing explanations, no elaborations, no mechanistic rationale, no attributions, no citations, no study details. No content after an em-dash, en-dash, or hyphen-dash (e.g., “— dose reduction required”, “— reduced efficacy”) — these trailing clauses are stripped. Just the key fact.	🟢	Every ER trailing clause removed (e.g., “— an exclusion in every registered study…”, “— the population explicitly excluded from the only trial now testing the compound”); no dash-led content remains.
8.5	Parenthetical qualifiers from the ER bullet — time windows, severity classes, threshold values, clinical staging — ARE preserved as part of the item, kept as concise as possible (shortened or trimmed where needed to fit the one-page budget, but never dropped entirely).	🟢	eGFR <60 and CrCl <90 thresholds, ALT/AST 2.5× ULN, the six-month cardiovascular window with its three named events, the HbA1c/fasting/two-hour glucose cut-offs, and the non-melanoma skin cancer exception are all retained.
8.6	When the ER uses ranking notation inside parens (e.g., “>” for severity ordering) that depends on an explanatory phrase to interpret, normalize the items to a plain comma-separated list rather than carrying through the bare symbol.	N/A	The ER uses no ranking notation inside parentheses in this section.
8.7	If no [stop_items] are present the section is left empty	N/A	Ten stop_items are present.

9. Key Interactions

#	Description	Result	Comments
9.1	The section is derived from the ER Key Interactions & Contraindications section	🟢	All nine items map to the ER’s nine interaction bullets (ER lines 325–341).
9.2	[caution_items] represent the Key Interactions from the ER, excluding any that are already listed as Contraindications	🟢	All nine ER interaction bullets present; no overlap with the ten stop_items, which are population states rather than co-administered agents.
9.3	Individual [caution_items] are formatted as <li></li>	🟢	Nine <li> elements inside the caution_items span.
9.4	Items are as concise as possible. No trailing explanations, no elaborations, no mechanistic rationale, no attributions, no citations, no study details. No content after an em-dash, en-dash, or hyphen-dash (e.g., “— dose reduction required”, “— reduced efficacy”) — these trailing clauses are stripped. Just the key fact.	🟢	Mechanism sentences and “Mitigating action:” clauses stripped from every bullet; no dash-led content remains. The retained verdicts on the two non-caution items (“no interaction has been documented”, “potentiating, and not adverse”) are the key fact rather than an elaboration.
9.5	Parenthetical qualifiers from the ER bullet — example drug lists, time windows, severity classes, threshold values, clinical staging — ARE preserved as part of the item, kept as concise as possible (shortened or trimmed where needed to fit the one-page budget, but never dropped entirely).	🟢	Every ER example-drug list preserved: the six secretagogues, metformin/GLP-1/SGLT2 agents with named examples, the five antifolates, both corticosteroids, the six supplements, the three folate/B-vitamin forms, and the four OTC classes.
9.6	When the ER uses ranking notation inside parens (e.g., “>” for severity ordering) that depends on an explanatory phrase to interpret, normalize the items to a plain comma-separated list rather than carrying through the bare symbol.	N/A	The ER uses no ranking notation inside parentheses in this section.
9.7	If no [caution_items] are present the section is left empty	N/A	Nine caution_items are present.

10. Protocol

#	Description	Result	Comments
10.1	The section is derived from the ER Protocol section	🟢	All three cells map to the first three bullets of the ER Therapeutic Protocol (ER lines 378–382).
10.2	The three sets of [action] items cover the three most important actionable implementation aspects from the ER Protocol section	🟢	The only human-tested regimen, the regimen now under test, and the regimens circulating in practice — the three dosing options a reader can actually act on, correctly chosen over the ER’s non-actionable bullets (half-life, chronobiology, developer attribution).
10.3	If less that three distinct actionable implementation aspects are mentioned in the ER the unused sets are left empty and made invisible, not filled with placeholder text or empty-state phrasing.	N/A	Three distinct actionable aspects exist and all three sets are used.
10.4	All used [action_#label], [action#value], [action#_sub] items are filled with meaningful content derived from the ER Protocol section.	🟢	All nine spans populated; doses, routes, durations and populations all trace to the ER, including the explicit “dose is not disclosed in the registry record”.

11. Time to Effect

#	Description	Result	Comments
11.1	The three sets of [time] items cover the three most important time-to-effect aspects from the ER	🟢	Liver enzymes at four weeks, glucose at four weeks, and physical performance in mice after weeks of dosing — the three onset statements the ER makes (ER line 430).
11.2	The sets are picked and ordered by the magnitude of the related benefit	🟢	Liver enzymes first (ALT −21% vs +4% placebo, a 25% difference), glucose second (6% placebo-adjusted), animal-only physical performance last.
11.3	If less that three distinct time-to-effect aspects are mentioned in the ER the unused sets are left empty and made invisible, not filled with placeholder text or empty-state phrasing.	N/A	Three distinct time-to-effect aspects exist and all three sets are used.
11.4	All used [time_#label], [time#value], [time#_sub] items are filled with meaningful content derived from the ER.	🟢	All nine spans populated; the “nothing measurable inside two weeks; four to twelve weeks” window is carried verbatim in substance from ER line 430.
11.5	If the ER does not provide any information on time to effect, the section is removed completely from the Protocol Panel	N/A	The ER provides time-to-effect information, so the section is correctly retained.

12. Benefits

#	Description	Result	Comments
12.1	The section is derived from the ER Expected Benefits section	🟢	All eleven entries map to the ER’s #### benefit headings.
12.2	Key variables are [benefits_high], [benefits_medium], [benefits_low], [benefits_speculative]	🟢	All four spans present.
12.3	Items are as concise as possible. No explanations, no elaborations, no effect sizes, no qualifiers, no attributions, no citations, no study details, no mechanistic explanations, etc. Just the key fact.	🟢	Semicolon-separated headings only; no magnitudes, no “⚠️ Conflicted” markers, no mechanism.
12.4	Parenthetical content — including effect sizes, sample notes, mechanistic hints, and example studies — is stripped, NOT preserved.	🟢	No parenthetical content carried over.
12.5	If no items of a specific sub-section (high, medium, low, speculative) are present the respective is set to “display=none”, not filled with “None documented in human trials to date” or similar empty-state phrasing.	🟢	The ER has no High or Medium benefits; both spans are emptied and carry style="display: none".

13. Risks

#	Description	Result	Comments
13.1	The section is derived from the ER Potential Risks & Side Effects section	🟢	All ten entries map to the ER’s #### risk headings across the four tiers.
13.2	Key variables are [risks_high], [risks_medium], [risks_low], [risks_speculative]	🟢	All four spans present and populated.
13.3	Items are as concise as possible. No explanations, no elaborations, no effect sizes, no qualifiers, no attributions, no citations, no study details, no mechanistic explanations, etc. Just the key fact.	🟢	Semicolon-separated headings only; the “28 days in 20 subjects” and “>10% incidence” magnitudes are not carried.
13.4	Parenthetical content — including frequencies, severity grades, sample notes, mechanistic hints, and example studies — is stripped, NOT preserved.	🟢	No parenthetical content carried over.
13.5	If no items of a specific sub-section (high, medium, low, speculative) are present the respective is set to “display=none”, not filled with “None documented in human trials to date” or similar empty-state phrasing.	N/A	All four ER risk tiers contain items, so no span needs hiding.

14. Monitoring

#	Description	Result	Comments
14.1	The section is derived from the ER Monitoring section	🟢	Table rows and cadence trace to the ER Monitoring Protocol & Defining Success section (ER lines 450–468).
14.2	All measurable/quantifiable biomarkers from the Monitoring section are listed	🟢	All 13 ER table rows present, with targets reproduced exactly (fasting insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, ALT, AST, GGT, eGFR, hs-CRP, triglycerides and the TG:HDL ratio, complete blood count, liver fat by MRI-PDFF, circulating MOTS-c).
14.3	[monitoring_cadence] is populated with the monitoring cadence/frequency derived from the ER Monitoring section. It is not left with placeholder text or empty.	🟢	“Baseline within four weeks before a first dose, with diet, training and weight stable; core panel repeated at 4 and 12 weeks, then every 3–6 months if use continues.” — matches ER lines 450 and 452.

15. Qualitative Assessment

#	Description	Result	Comments
15.1	The section is derived from the ER Monitoring section	🟢	All seven items map to the ER’s “Qualitative markers to track alongside the laboratory panel” list (ER lines 472–478).
15.2	All subjective/qualitative biomarkers from the Monitoring section are listed	🟢	All seven present: exercise capacity, recovery/soreness, afternoon energy, sleep continuity, injection-site tolerance, appetite/satiety, low-blood-sugar symptoms.

Issues 07/08/2026 17:32

Pass rate 100.00%. No issues found.

Issues 07/08/2026 17:23

1. 1.3 — “secondary” qualifier dropped for HbA1c: In the Monitoring table (QRS line 714), [marker_4_why] reads “Three-month average glycaemia; endpoint of the running trial”, while the ER (line 459) states “the secondary endpoint of the trial now running” — dropping “secondary” strengthens the claim.

Fixes 07/08/2026 17:23

1. 1.3 — Restored “secondary” qualifier for HbA1c: Changed [marker_4_why] from “Three-month average glycaemia; endpoint of the running trial” to “Three-month average glycaemia; secondary endpoint of the running trial”, matching the ER’s wording.

Issues 07/08/2026 17:12

1. 1.3 — ALT rationale overstates human evidence: marker_5_why (QRS line 727) reads “Moved most clearly in the only human trial”, dropping the ER’s qualifier “of this compound class” (ER line 460), which asserts a completed human trial of MOTS-c itself and contradicts the QRS’s own At-A-Glance statement that “no completed study has given it to people”.
2. 1.2 — Hedges dropped in Monitoring rationales: marker_11_why (QRS line 807) drops “predicted” from the ER’s “the additive folate-pathway effect predicted with antifolate drugs” (ER line 466), and marker_1_why (QRS line 675) replaces the ER’s “the insulin resistance MOTS-c is proposed to improve” (ER line 456) with “the insulin resistance targeted”.

Fixes 07/08/2026 17:12

1. 1.3 — ALT rationale qualifier restored: marker_5_why changed from “Moved most clearly in the only human trial” to “Moved most clearly in the only human trial of this compound class”, matching the ER and removing the implication that MOTS-c itself has completed a human trial.
2. 1.2 — Hedges restored in Monitoring rationales: marker_11_why changed from “Detects the additive folate-pathway effect with antifolates” to “…effect predicted with antifolates”, and marker_1_why changed from “Earliest marker of the insulin resistance targeted” to “Earliest marker of the insulin resistance MOTS-c is proposed to improve”.

Issues 07/08/2026 17:08

1. 4.5 — Sheet overruns one A4 page: The combined height of the 10-item and 9-item gate columns (lines 570–631), the 13-row biomarker table with multi-line “Why” cells (lines 679–855), the seven qualitative items (lines 872–906) and the three two-sentence protocol subs (lines 455–486) exceeds the printable A4 height by roughly a full page; the per-section budgets were not condensed to fit.

Fixes 07/08/2026 17:08

1. 4.5 — Sheet condensed to one A4 page: Condensed the over-budget sections without dropping any required content — the three protocol subs and three time-to-effect subs were cut to single short statements, the ten contraindication items were tightened (e.g. “Estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73 m²” → “eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m²”, “glycated haemoglobin 6.5% or above” → “HbA1c ≥6.5%”), all thirteen Monitoring “Why” cells were reduced to short phrases, and the cadence plus qualitative items 3, 5 and 7 were shortened. All 80 data-qrs-var spans, all ten contraindications, all nine interactions, all thirteen markers and all seven qualitative items were retained.