A fat-derived gut signal, also sold as a capsule. About a dozen short trials, mostly in people carrying extra weight or fatty liver, link it to smaller waistlines, less body fat without lean-tissue loss, lower blood fats and fasting blood sugar. Lean adults have little documented room to gain, and the appetite-damping action threatens muscle. Nothing beyond four months studied. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting triglycerides | < 80 mg/dL (< 0.9 mmol/L) | The blood lipid with the highest-certainty response |
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL (4.2–4.8 mmol/L) | Detects the glycemic shift seen in prediabetes and fatty-liver trials |
| Fasting insulin | 2–5 µIU/mL | More sensitive than glucose to early insulin resistance |
| HOMA-IR | < 1.0 | Composite index of insulin resistance, the outcome with the largest pooled effect |
| hs-CRP | < 0.5 mg/L | The inflammation marker with the largest pooled response |
| ALT and AST | ALT < 20 U/L (women < 17 U/L); AST < 20 U/L | Fatty-liver trials showed the clearest response here |
| Waist circumference | < 94 cm men, < 80 cm women | The body measurement with the largest pooled effect |
| Body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass) | No established target; track change from own baseline, fat mass falling and fat-free mass flat | Confirms that any weight change is fat rather than lean tissue |
| Hemoglobin A1c | 4.8–5.2% | Shows whether short-term glucose shifts persist over three months |
Cadence: Baseline draw before starting; repeat metabolic panel at 8 weeks, then at 6 months, then every 6–12 months if continued. Waist circumference and body composition monthly.