A concentrated preparation of olive leaves or fruit. The strongest and most consistent finding is a reduction in blood pressure, clearest at the higher of the two doses commonly sold and in people whose pressure is already elevated. Effects on cholesterol and blood sugar are genuinely conflicted. The main hazards follow from the main benefit. Product strength varies enormously. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Systolic / diastolic blood pressure | 110–120 / 70–80 mmHg | Primary target and primary risk marker |
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL | Detects both benefit and additive hypoglycemia |
| Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) | 4.8–5.4% | Three-month average glucose exposure |
| Fasting insulin | 2–5 µIU/mL | Tracks the insulin sensitivity endpoint that improved in trials |
| Triglycerides | Below 80 mg/dL | The lipid fraction that moved most consistently |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) | Below 100 mg/dL, or individualized to overall risk | The lipid fraction olive polyphenols protect from oxidation |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) | Below 0.5 mg/L | Inflammation endpoint reported in the largest trial |
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) | 10–26 U/L | Screens the theoretical hepatic concern |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | 0.5–2.0 mIU/L | Detects the thyroid stimulation seen in animal studies |
Cadence: Home blood pressure twice daily for four weeks, then weekly; fasting glucose daily for four weeks in anyone on insulin or a sulfonylurea; a full repeat blood panel at 12 weeks; thyroid-stimulating hormone at 8–12 weeks; and thereafter a repeat panel every 6–12 months.