A Thai root whose compounds act much like the body's own estrogen. The firmest finding is local: vaginal tissue recovers its mature cell layer, and dryness and pain ease. Wider claims — hot flushes, cholesterol, bone loss — rest on studies mostly lacking a dummy-treatment comparison. Breast enlargement was never tested in a controlled study. Safety is unsettled; batch strength varies widely. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Follicle-stimulating hormone | Postmenopausal baseline typically >30 IU/L; a fall of 20–30% | Confirms the preparation is biologically active systemically |
| Luteinising hormone | No established target; track the fall from own baseline | Second confirmation of pituitary feedback; divergence suggests assay noise |
| Estradiol | No target; track change from own baseline | Detects unexpected endogenous estrogen, which changes the risk calculus |
| Endometrial thickness (transvaginal ultrasound) | <4 mm postmenopausal; <5 mm is the usual action threshold | The direct measure of the principal risk in women with a uterus |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | <100 mg/dL; <70 mg/dL where cardiovascular risk is elevated | Tracks the claimed lipid benefit, which is conflicted between trials |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol | >60 mg/dL in women | The endpoint that moved most in the positive lipid trial |
| Triglycerides | <100 mg/dL | Both arms of one trial rose 15%, so a rise is not necessarily drug-related |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein | <1.0 mg/L | Pooled trial data show this marker roughly doubling on treatment |
| Alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase | ALT <25 U/L in women; alkaline phosphatase 50–90 U/L | Covers the transient liver abnormalities and the animal bile-transporter signal |
| Haemoglobin and full blood count | Haemoglobin 12.5–15.0 g/dL in women | Transient anaemia occurred in early dosing work, and bleeding is the top reported harm |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone | 0.5–2.0 mIU/L | Oral estrogenic load can raise thyroid hormone binding and unmask under-replacement |
| Vaginal pH | 3.8–4.5 | Cheap, immediate readout of vaginal epithelial maturation |
Cadence: Baseline panels before starting, plus transvaginal ultrasound where the uterus is intact. Liver panel and full blood count repeat at 8–12 weeks; hormone, lipid, and inflammation markers at 3 and 6 months. Beyond six months with an intact uterus, endometrial ultrasound repeats annually.