Sildenafil for Health & Longevity - Quick Reference Sheet

Sildenafil for Health & Longevity

Created on 09/25/2026 – Quick Reference based on Evidence Review created using AI4L / Opus 5.5 – Audit

Sildenafil is an inexpensive prescription oral medication, approved for erectile problems in men, that strengthens the body's own blood vessel–relaxing signal. Its best-established benefit is reliably improved erectile and sexual function; it also helps certain circulation problems and modestly improves measures of blood vessel health. Links to longer survival come from prescription records, not controlled trials, and remain unproven. With nitrate heart medications, it can dangerously drop blood pressure. (Full Review)

Protocol

Conventional on-demand dosing
50 mg
About 1 hour before sexual activity, on an empty stomach or light meal (range 25–100 mg); no more than once per 24 hours
Daily low-dose regimens
20–25 mg three times daily
Or 100 mg once daily in trials; no longevity-specific regimen has been validated
Age
25 mg
Common starting dose from age 65, as exposure rises about 40%; raised to 50 mg if tolerated and needed
Time to effect
Erectile effects
30–60 minutes
Last about 4–5 hours
Urinary symptoms
Over 12 weeks
Changes emerged with daily use in trials
Insulin sensitivity
Over 12 weeks
Changes emerged with daily use in trials

Benefits

Contraindications
  • Nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, nicorandil), nitric oxide donors (sodium nitroprusside, molsidomine), nitrite inhalants ("poppers"), or riociguat
  • Vericiguat (avoided)
  • Heart attack, stroke, or life-threatening arrhythmia within the past 6 months
  • Resting blood pressure below 90/50 mm Hg, or uncontrolled blood pressure above 170/110 mm Hg
  • Unstable angina, or heart failure at NYHA Class IV (symptoms at rest)
  • Prior optic nerve stroke (NAION) in either eye
  • Retinitis pigmentosa or other hereditary retinal degeneration
  • Severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) or end-stage kidney disease without specialist oversight
  • Pregnancy, outside of specialist-managed pulmonary arterial hypertension
  • Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (blockage of the small lung veins)
Key Interactions
  • Alpha-blockers (doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin)
  • Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (ritonavir, cobicistat, ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin)
  • Moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors (erythromycin, fluconazole, diltiazem, verapamil)
  • CYP3A4 inducers (rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin)
  • Blood pressure–lowering drugs (amlodipine, ACE inhibitors, diuretics)
  • Other PDE5 inhibitors (tadalafil, vardenafil, avanafil)
  • Cimetidine
  • Nitric oxide boosters (L-arginine, L-citrulline, beetroot or dietary nitrate concentrates)
  • Supplements with additive blood pressure–lowering effects (hibiscus, garlic extract, high-dose magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids)
  • St. John's wort
  • Horny goat weed (icariin) and yohimbine
  • "Male enhancement" supplements
  • Alcohol (heavy intake)
  • Grapefruit juice
  • Heat exposure (sauna, hot tub) and dehydration

Risk & Side Effects

  • High: Headache, flushing, indigestion, and nasal congestion; visual disturbances; severe low blood pressure with nitrates
  • Medium: Newborn lung hypertension after use in pregnancy
  • Low: Sudden vision loss; melanoma; sudden hearing loss; priapism
  • Speculative: Retinal harm in carriers of inherited retinal disease

Monitoring

Marker Target Why
Blood pressure (seated and standing) Seated <120/80 mm Hg; standing drop <20/10 mm Hg Detects hypotension risk
ApoB <80 mg/dL (<60 mg/dL for higher-risk individuals) Cardiovascular risk baseline
HbA1c <5.4% Glucose control affects response
Fasting insulin <6 µIU/mL Tracks insulin sensitivity
eGFR >90 mL/min/1.73 m² Sets starting dose
ALT <25 U/L Liver clearance of the drug
Total testosterone (men) 500–900 ng/dL Low levels blunt response
IIEF-5 score (men) 22–25 Tracks erectile function
hs-CRP <1.0 mg/L Vascular inflammation baseline

Cadence: Baseline before starting; blood pressure rechecked 1–2 hours after the first doses and at 4 weeks; for daily users, labs at 3 months, then every 6–12 months; erectile function questionnaires at 4–8 weeks

Qualitative Assessment

  • Erection quality and spontaneous morning erections
  • Sexual satisfaction and confidence
  • Exercise tolerance and breathlessness on exertion
  • Urinary symptoms (stream, urgency, night-time urination)
  • Headaches, flushing, and nasal congestion
  • Vision changes (blue tinge, light sensitivity, blurring) and any hearing change
  • Lightheadedness when standing