A daisy-family herb whose spilanthol-rich extracts are applied to skin to soften expression lines and smooth surface texture, through mild muscle-relaxing, soothing, and absorption-enhancing action. Effects are modest, temporary, and fade after stopping. Evidence is thin and often industry-funded. Short-term topical use appears well tolerated; tingling, numbness, and daisy-family allergy are the main concerns. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Skin hydration (corneometry) | ~40–55 AU | Tracks moisture and barrier support over time |
| Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) | < ~15 g/m²/h | Barrier integrity; rising values suggest irritation |
| Skin elasticity (cutometry, R2) | > ~0.7 | Reflects firmness and recoil, a marker of dermal quality |
| ALT and AST | ~10–26 U/L | Oral use only, given the plant's liver-enzyme effects |
Cadence: Review tolerability during week 1; reassess visible changes at 4, 8, and 12 weeks; then every 3–6 months if used long term.