A plant antioxidant found in common foods such as olives, grapes, and berries. In laboratory and animal studies it calms oxidative stress and inflammation and improves blood sugar, liver, and cholesterol measures. No human studies exist, and absorption is poor. Best obtained through a plant-rich diet; isolated high-dose use is unproven with an undefined safe dose. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose | 75–86 mg/dL | Tracks the main proposed metabolic effect |
| HbA1c | < 5.4% | Captures 3-month average blood sugar, less noisy than a single reading |
| Fasting insulin | 2–5 µIU/mL | Detects early insulin resistance before glucose rises |
| Lipid panel (LDL, HDL, triglycerides) | Triglycerides < 80 mg/dL; HDL > 55 mg/dL | Tracks the proposed lipid effect |
| ALT / AST | < 25 U/L (both) | Watches liver, the tissue with the strongest protective signal |
| hs-CRP | < 1.0 mg/L | Tracks the general inflammation the compound is proposed to lower |
| Blood pressure | < 120/80 mmHg | Tracks the proposed blood-pressure effect and an interaction-safety signal |
Cadence: Baseline before starting; re-check metabolic panel and blood pressure at 6–12 weeks, then every 6–12 months if use continues, with more frequent glucose or blood-pressure checks in the first few weeks if also on glucose- or blood-pressure-lowering medication.