Concentrated leaf preparation, used in Europe for indigestion. Blood fats fall modestly, most where starting levels are high; liver stress markers drop in people with fat build-up in the liver. Common complaints are excess gas, bloating and loose stools; main cautions are daisy-family allergy and gallstones. Effects can be confirmed or excluded on personal laboratory results within three months. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| LDL cholesterol | < 100 mg/dL; < 70 mg/dL with existing vascular disease | Primary efficacy target; predicts effect size |
| ApoB | < 80 mg/dL; < 60 mg/dL at high risk | Counts atherogenic particles, which LDL alone can understate |
| Triglycerides | < 100 mg/dL | Second lipid outcome that moved in pooled trials |
| ALT | < 25 U/L (men), < 20 U/L (women) | Primary liver outcome; largest documented effect |
| AST | < 25 U/L | Confirms the ALT signal and flags non-liver muscle sources |
| GGT | < 25 U/L (men), < 18 U/L (women) | Most sensitive marker of biliary and oxidative stress |
| HbA1c | 4.8–5.3% | Checks whether the inconsistent glycemic signal applies individually |
| hs-CRP | < 1.0 mg/L | Background inflammation that confounds liver and lipid readings |
| Seated blood pressure | < 120/80 mmHg | Tracks the small, contested pressure effect |
| Abdominal ultrasound | No established numeric target; track liver size and steatosis (liver fat) grade against the individual's own baseline | Detects gallstones before starting and documents liver fat |
Cadence: Baseline before the first dose; liver panel repeated at 8 weeks; lipid panel and blood pressure at 12 weeks; then every 6–12 months for as long as use continues.