Removing all plant foods shifts the body onto fat-derived fuel, eliminates every plant trigger, and loads the diet with saturated fat and animal protein. Weight, blood sugar control and digestive symptoms often improve, though the evidence is surveys of people who chose the diet. Blood cholesterol rises sharply, most in the leanest. No long-term comparison trials exist. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Apolipoprotein B | <80 mg/dL; <60 mg/dL if plaque is present | Counts artery-damaging particles directly |
| LDL cholesterol | <100 mg/dL | Tracks the diet’s largest and most consistent effect |
| Lipoprotein(a) | <30 mg/dL (<75 nmol/L) | Inherited particle that multiplies the risk of any given particle count |
| Triglyceride-to-HDL ratio | <1.5 in mg/dL units | Marks insulin resistance and predicts who will hyper-respond |
| HbA1c | 4.8–5.4% | Three-month average glycaemic control |
| Fasting insulin | 2–5 µIU/mL | Detects metabolic improvement long before glucose moves |
| Fasting glucose | 75–90 mg/dL | Baseline glucose control |
| hs-CRP | <0.5 mg/L | General systemic inflammation |
| Uric acid | 3.5–6.0 mg/dL | Tracks gout and stone risk during adaptation |
| Creatinine with cystatin C and eGFR | eGFR >90 mL/min/1.73 m² | Kidney function under a sustained high protein load |
| Sodium, potassium, magnesium | Sodium 138–142 mmol/L; potassium 4.0–4.5 mmol/L; red-cell magnesium 5.0–6.5 mg/dL | Explains most early adverse symptoms |
| Plasma vitamin C | 0.8–1.5 mg/dL | The nutrient carnivore menus most reliably fail to supply |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D with parathyroid hormone | Vitamin D 40–60 ng/mL; parathyroid hormone 15–35 pg/mL | Bone risk from low calcium intake and mild acid load |
| Thyroid panel (TSH, free T3) | TSH 0.5–2.0 mIU/L; free T3 3.0–4.0 pg/mL | Detects the energy-conservation shift of sustained carbohydrate restriction |
| Ferritin with transferrin saturation | Ferritin 50–150 ng/mL; saturation 25–35% | High heme iron intake can push iron into excess |
| Coronary artery calcium score | 0 Agatston units | Direct evidence of whether plaque is actually present |
| DEXA bone mineral density | T-score above −1.0 | Bone consequence of low calcium and mild acidosis |
Cadence: Baseline before the first plant-free meal; electrolytes and kidney function at 4 weeks; full lipid and metabolic panel at 12 weeks, then every 6 months; coronary imaging repeats at 2–3 years where the lipid response is large