Whey protein concentrate, a dietary supplement powder made from milk, is used to build and keep muscle. It adds modestly to strength-training gains, helps older adults with muscle loss, and improves blood sugar and blood fats in people with metabolic problems. Risks are mostly mild and avoidable. The trade-off looks favorable when it fills a real protein gap alongside training, uncertain when raising already high midlife intake. (Full Review)
| Marker | Target | Why |
|---|---|---|
| eGFR (creatinine and cystatin C) | Above 90 mL/min/1.73 m² | Kidney filtration |
| Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio | Below 10 mg/g | Early kidney damage |
| HbA1c | 4.8–5.4% | Long-term glucose control |
| Fasting insulin | 2–6 µIU/mL | Insulin sensitivity |
| Triglycerides | Below 100 mg/dL | Cardiometabolic response |
| IGF-1 | No established longevity target; track change from baseline within age-specific range | Growth-signaling exposure |
| Blood urea nitrogen | 10–16 mg/dL | Protein load and hydration |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D | 40–60 ng/mL | Muscle-response modifier |
| Blood pressure | Below 120/80 mmHg | Cardiovascular response |
| Lean mass (DXA) and grip strength | No established target; track change from baseline (grip above 27 kg men, 16 kg women) | Muscle outcome |
Cadence: Baseline; glucose for 2 weeks on diabetes medication; blood pressure weekly for 1 month; kidney markers, HbA1c, lipids at 3 months; then kidney markers, IGF-1, metabolic labs every 6–12 months; body composition and grip strength every 6 months